What are People in Bali Doing in Pandemic: Understanding the Shape of Health Behavior and the Pitutur Tua

In the early occurrence of the Covid-19 pandemic, Indonesian and the world regarded Bali having a unique mechanism. Balinese or Bali residents are assumed excellently immune or difficulty infected from Covid-19. Interestingly, Balinese do not show overwhelmed panic as occurs in other areas although the Covid-19 cases in Bali are not low. There are various reasons why Balinese's actions to protect their health consider beliefs, religion, and culture. This paper is a survey of the Balinese's distinctive perception and behavior to face Covid-19. The information was gained from comments, opinions, and information about typical behavior posted on mass media and social media. The main source of the information was the WhatsApp groups of Banjar community (60 people), Bali academicians (76 people), Hindu organization alumni (113 people), and Bali medical staff (30 people). This study collected the information and conversations during early months of the pandemic in 2020 and 2021 when the Covid-19 cases skyrocketed and the government implemented the Community Activities Restrictions Enforcement (PPKM). This study concludes that the belief in the power of nature makes the sincerity and acceptance more easily appear. Moreover, tradition strengthens the trust. Support in social life also increases cooperative actions to the rules or advices of the Bali government and the custom village assembly to protect society from the pandemic.Copyright © 2021 Muslim OT et al.

The distribution of COVID-19 cases using spatial analysis to support surveillance program in Pontianak City

The Health Office of Pontianak City, West Kalimantan Province reported that there were 387 confirmed cases of COVID-19 per July 2020 and 4 of them died. Unfortunately, the use of Geographic Information System (GIS) for planning, monitoring, and decision-making to support surveillance program by local- health managers has not been well documented, particularly in the distribution of COVID-19. The utilization of GIS is required as a method for public health surveillance and monitoring. This study aimed to analyze the distribution of COVID-19 cases with a spatial approach to support the epidemiological surveillance program in Pontianak City between March 2020 to July 2020. This research was a cross- sectional study. The dependent variable was cases COVID-19 (suspect and confirmation) and the independent variables included ages, sex, and patient’s status. A total of 332 cases of COVID-19 in Pontianak City were collected from six districts. The results showed that males were more likely to suffer from COVID-19 than females, the age group of 31-40 years was more vulnerable, and some patients were cured. The study also revealed the spread of one district with a Clustered type of COVID-19. The presence of spatial autocorrelation was explored using global and local Moran's I statistics. The global Moran's I revealed a negative but statistically significant spatial autocorrelation COVID-19 incident rate (I = 0,000). The mapping of COVID-19 cases using GIS can facilitate the epidemiology programmer in Pontianak City Health Office and Public Health Centre in intervening the social determinant of health to identify the spread of COVID-19 disease. © 2021 Teikyo University School of Medicine. All rights reserved.